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Honing in India

Regional guide · India

Honing in India: how bore-finishing demand changes by region

Honing demand in India follows the industrial clusters: what a region builds decides which bores need honing, in what volume and to what finish. This guide maps eight manufacturing regions, from Gurugram's vehicle lines to Bengaluru's aerospace base, to the bores they produce and the checks buyers there should make before choosing a machine or process.

Key takeaways

The main local industry sets the honing job: cycle time and automatic sizing lead in vehicle hubs, cast-iron surface texture in engine and liner clusters, and bore length in tractor and earthmoving belts.
Choose the machine by demand pattern first and bore range second. A machine that covers the diameter can still miss the cycle time, stroke length or surface specification the part needs.
New capacity at sites such as Kharkhoda, Talegaon and Vithalapur is spreading demand beyond the older hubs, so confirm service coverage for the exact plant address.
Regional patterns narrow the search; test honing on the actual part confirms the result.

India's honing demand map at a glance

Vehicle hubs, diesel-engine centres, MSME engine-part clusters, tractor belts and an aerospace base each create a different honing job. The table places India's main industrial regions in these five demand patterns.

Regional honing demand in India

Region	Main industries	Bores that typically get honed	Demand pattern
Delhi NCR and Haryana	Cars, two-wheelers, tractors, backhoe loaders	Cylinder bores, connecting rods, gear bores, brake and hydraulic cylinders	High-volume vehicle lines; tractors, hydraulics and earthmoving
Pune and Nashik	Diesel engines, fuel-injection parts, cars, earthmoving equipment	Diesel cylinder bores and liners, injector bores, hydraulic cylinders	Diesel engines and fuel injection; high-volume vehicle lines
Kolhapur and Sangli	Iron castings for vehicles, pumps and valves; diesel engines	Cast-iron cylinder and gear bores after machining	MSME engine-part, pump and compressor clusters; diesel engines and fuel injection
Chennai and Hosur	Two-wheelers, cars, commercial vehicles, tractors	Engine bores from two-wheeler to commercial-vehicle size, gearbox bores, hydraulic cylinders	High-volume vehicle lines; diesel engines and fuel injection; tractors, hydraulics and earthmoving
Coimbatore	Pump sets, air compressors	Piston-compressor cylinders and close-fit pump and compressor bores	MSME engine-part, pump and compressor clusters
Gujarat: Rajkot and Ahmedabad	Engine-part MSMEs, cars, two-wheelers	Cylinder liners, connecting rods, vehicle engine and gear bores	MSME engine-part, pump and compressor clusters; high-volume vehicle lines
Bengaluru	Aerospace and defence, fuel-injection pumps	Landing-gear and actuator cylinders, valve and pump bores	Aerospace and defence; diesel engines and fuel injection
Punjab: Hoshiarpur and Mohali	Integrated tractor plants	Tractor cylinder bores, gear bores, hydraulic cylinders	Tractors, hydraulics and earthmoving

No official statistic tracks honing demand by region. This guide uses each region's manufacturing base as the indicator; the statistics below show how that base is distributed.

Statistics behind the regional picture

Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Haryana produced about 68% of India's auto-parts value added in 2023-24, according to the government's Annual Survey of Industries (ASI). The ASI does not track honing itself; it shows where the industries that send bores to honing add their value.

Where industries that rely on honing add value

Leading states by share of gross value added (GVA), ASI 2023-24

Industry (NIC 2008 code)	India GVA	Leading states (share of India GVA)
Parts and accessories for motor vehicles (293)	₹1,13,359 crore	Maharashtra 24.4% · Tamil Nadu 23.6% · Haryana 19.7%
Motor vehicles (291)	₹1,01,629 crore	Haryana 27.1% · Maharashtra 20.7% · Tamil Nadu 15.7% · Karnataka 9.9%
General-purpose machinery, including engines, fluid power, pumps, compressors, bearings and gears (281)	₹95,645 crore	Maharashtra 27.8% · Gujarat 19.1% · Tamil Nadu 16.2% · Karnataka 8.6%
Special-purpose machinery, including farm machinery, construction machinery and machine tools (282)	₹75,261 crore	Maharashtra 23.2% · Gujarat 16.4% · Tamil Nadu 15.6% · Punjab 9.3%
Aircraft and spacecraft (303)	₹4,126 crore	Karnataka 49.6% · Telangana 22.1% · Uttar Pradesh 13.8%

Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra and Haryana also held about 60% of India's 5,753 auto-parts factories, which makes them the core market for high-volume honing of engine, gear and brake bores.

Gujarat had more general-purpose machinery factories than any other state (23.5%) but added less value per factory: about ₹10 crore, against ₹22 crore in Maharashtra. The gap fits the base of smaller engine-part makers in Rajkot described in the Gujarat profile below.

Punjab ranked fourth in special-purpose machinery, a group that includes tractors, with 9.3% of value added. Karnataka produced about half of India's aircraft and spacecraft value added, and Telangana another 22%.

ASI covers registered factories, and GVA is shown at current prices for April 2023 to March 2024. State figures are not published for the narrower four-digit industries, so engines, pumps, gears and tractors are shown within their wider groups.

Imports of honing and lapping machines

India imported US$33.3 million of honing and lapping machines in 2024, up about 83% from US$18.2 million in 2023 (US$17.2 million in 2022). Japan and Germany supplied nearly two-thirds of the 2024 total. India's exports under the same code were US$1.8 million.

India's imports under HS 846040 by source, 2024

Source	Imports (US$ million)	Share
Japan	11.0	33.1%
Germany	10.5	31.6%
China	5.1	15.4%
Italy	2.6	7.7%
Switzerland	2.2	6.6%
Other sources	1.9	5.6%
Total	33.3	100%

HS 846040 covers honing and lapping machines for metal and excludes gear-finishing machines, so the figures include lapping machines. Values are India's customs data as reported to UN Comtrade and do not cover machines built in India.

References: MoSPI eSankhyiki: Annual Survey of Industries 2023-24 · PIB: ASI 2023-24 results · WITS: India imports, HS 846040, 2024 · 2023 · 2022 · WITS: India exports, HS 846040, 2024

Region by region: what local industry means for honing

Plant lists, not honing statistics, show where the work is, so each profile names the factories behind its region's demand. Figures come from state agencies, company announcements and cluster studies; older cluster studies carry their survey year.

Delhi NCR and Haryana: Gurugram, Manesar and Faridabad

Haryana, described in its Economic Survey as India's largest automobile hub, builds cars and two-wheelers at high volume, so most honing here finishes engine, transmission and brake bores at line takt time. Faridabad and Ballabgarh add tractors and backhoe loaders, which bring long hydraulic cylinder bores into the same supplier base.

Anchor industriesMaruti Suzuki, Honda two-wheelers and Hero MotoCorp in Gurugram and Manesar; Escorts Kubota tractors in Faridabad; JCB's Ballabgarh factory, which JCB describes as the world's largest for backhoe loaders

Bores that typically get honedCylinder bores, connecting rods, heat-treated gear bores, brake master cylinders, hydraulic cylinders

Demand patternHigh-volume vehicle lines · Tractors, hydraulics and earthmoving

Check first in this regionMaruti Suzuki's Kharkhoda site in Sonipat reached a capacity of 5 lakh vehicles a year in May 2026, so confirm service reach for every plant you supply, not only the NH-48 corridor.

For plant-level figures and sourcing routes in this corridor, see our guide to honing machines in Gurugram.

References: Economic Survey of Haryana 2025-26 · Maruti Suzuki Kharkhoda plant 2 · HMSI factories · Hero MotoCorp BRSR FY2024-25 · Kubota: Escorts Kubota India plant · About JCB India

Pune and Nashik: diesel engines, fuel injection and earthmoving equipment

Western Maharashtra concentrates diesel-engine and fuel-injection production, so honing here often means controlling surface texture on cast-iron cylinder bores and holding tight size and form on small injector bores. Vehicle and earthmoving plants add high-volume engine work and hydraulic cylinders.

Anchor industriesCummins India's Phaltan Megasite, with two mid-size engine plants and a high-horsepower engine plant; Kirloskar Oil Engines in Pune and Nashik; Bosch nozzles and injectors in Nashik; Hyundai engine production at Talegaon since June 2025; JCB excavator and loader factories in Pune

Bores that typically get honedDiesel cylinder bores and liners, connecting rods, fuel-injector bores, hydraulic cylinders

Demand patternDiesel engines and fuel injection · High-volume vehicle lines

Check first in this regionAsk how the supplier specifies and measures plateau finishes, for example with Rpk, Rk and Rvk, and for injector work, the smallest bore its tools can hone.

References: Cummins India fact sheet · Kirloskar Oil Engines manufacturing · Bosch Nashik · Hyundai Talegaon engine production · About JCB India · Digital Metrology: plateau-honed surfaces

Kolhapur and Sangli: iron castings and engines

Kolhapur's foundry industry grew around oil engines and is one of India's major grey and SG iron casting clusters, so honing demand here centres on cast-iron bores. Honing follows boring, so the buyers are the engine plants and machine shops that finish these castings.

Anchor industriesAbout 300 foundries in Kolhapur and Sangli districts producing about 600,000 tonnes of castings a year, mostly for vehicles, with larger units casting engine blocks and heads (TERI, 2012); Kirloskar Oil Engines at Kagal

Bores that typically get honedCylinder bores in blocks, gear bores and other cast-iron bores after machining

Demand patternMSME engine-part, pump and compressor clusters · Diesel engines and fuel injection

Check first in this regionSend parts from more than one casting batch for test honing, because variation in the iron can change the result.

References: TERI cluster profile: Kolhapur foundry industry · Kirloskar Oil Engines manufacturing

Chennai and Hosur: two-wheelers, cars, commercial vehicles and tractors

Tamil Nadu builds about 36% of India's two-wheelers, 25% of its four-wheelers and 35% of its auto components, according to the state's investment agency. Honing work here therefore runs from small two-wheeler bores to large commercial-vehicle engine and gearbox bores.

Anchor industriesHyundai, Renault, Nissan, BMW, Daimler and Yamaha among the state's listed vehicle makers; Ashok Leyland engines and vehicles at Ennore and engine assembly at Hosur; TAFE tractor-component machining in Chennai and hydraulic pumps and cylinders at Kelambakkam

Bores that typically get honedTwo-wheeler and car engine bores, commercial-vehicle cylinder bores, gearbox gear bores, tractor hydraulic cylinders

Demand patternHigh-volume vehicle lines · Diesel engines and fuel injection · Tractors, hydraulics and earthmoving

Check first in this regionNearly 60% of India's electric two-wheelers are made in Tamil Nadu. Electric models drop engine cylinder bores but keep gear and brake bores, so check how quickly tooling can move between part families.

References: Guidance Tamil Nadu: automobile and auto components · Ashok Leyland manufacturing · TAFE manufacturing facilities

Coimbatore: pumps and compressors

Coimbatore's pump and compressor industry is built largely on small and mid-sized firms, so honing work here tends to be spread across many part types in smaller batches. Piston-compressor cylinders are the clearest honing application; on pump parts, the drawing decides whether a bore needs honing at all.

Anchor industriesAbout 600 pump makers and 400 ancillary units, producing nearly 40% of India's pump sets (SAMEEEKSHA, 2015–16 data); ELGi's headquarters and its screw and piston compressor production

Bores that typically get honedPiston-compressor cylinders and close-fit bores in pump and compressor parts

Demand patternMSME engine-part, pump and compressor clusters

Check first in this regionCompare changeover time between part families as closely as cycle time, and confirm which bores on each drawing actually call for honing.

References: SAMEEEKSHA: Coimbatore pump set cluster · ELGi in Coimbatore · Sunnen: tube honing applications

Gujarat: Rajkot and Ahmedabad

Rajkot's MSMEs make engine parts such as cylinder liners and connecting rods for OEM and replacement buyers, so their honing work centres on liner and rod bores. Around Ahmedabad, car and two-wheeler plants add high-volume engine and gear work.

Anchor industriesAbout 160 MSME auto-component units in Rajkot making crankshafts, connecting rods, cylinder liners, pistons and rings (SAMEEEKSHA, 2017–18 data); Kirloskar Oil Engines in Rajkot; Tata Motors at Sanand; Maruti Suzuki at Hansalpur; Honda's Vithalapur two-wheeler plant, rated at 1.96 million units a year, with a planned rise to 2.61 million from 2027

Bores that typically get honedCylinder liners, connecting rods, vehicle engine and gear bores

Demand patternMSME engine-part, pump and compressor clusters · High-volume vehicle lines

Check first in this regionRajkot parts serve both OEM and replacement markets, so confirm whose drawing and surface specification the honing must meet before comparing machines.

References: SAMEEEKSHA: Rajkot auto components cluster · Kirloskar Oil Engines manufacturing · Tata Motors Sanand plant · Maruti Suzuki FY2025-26 production · Honda: Vithalapur capacity

Bengaluru: aerospace, defence and fuel-injection pumps

Karnataka leads India's aerospace and defence manufacturing, so honing demand around Bengaluru comes in small lots of safety-critical parts such as landing-gear and actuator cylinders. For this work, a flexible, well-documented process matters more than a dedicated high-speed line.

Anchor industries65% of India's aerospace-related exports, 67% of aircraft and helicopter manufacturing for the defence services and 70% of the national aerospace and defence supplier base (Invest Karnataka); Bosch's Bidadi plant for common-rail and conventional fuel-injection pumps

Bores that typically get honedLanding-gear and actuator cylinders, flight-control valve and pump bores, fuel-injection pump bores

Demand patternAerospace and defence · Diesel engines and fuel injection

Check first in this regionAsk whether the process records honing parameters and bore measurements for each part in the format your customer's quality plan requires.

References: Invest Karnataka: aerospace and defence · Bosch Bidadi plant · Sunnen: aviation honing applications

Punjab: Hoshiarpur and Mohali tractor plants

Punjab's tractor makers produce engines, transmissions, gears and hydraulics in their own plants, so honing demand sits inside the OEM plants as well as at their suppliers.

Anchor industriesSonalika's Hoshiarpur plant, rated at 3 lakh tractors a year, with in-house engines, transmissions, gears and hydraulics; Swaraj (Mahindra) in Mohali, whose foundry casts cylinder blocks, crankcases and gearbox housings

Bores that typically get honedTractor cylinder bores, gear bores, hydraulic cylinders

Demand patternTractors, hydraulics and earthmoving

Check first in this regionSuppliers should confirm which bores the OEM will hone in its own plant before sizing a machine investment.

References: Sonalika manufacturing · Swaraj manufacturing

Emerging locations to watch

New plants outside the established hubs add honing demand; check service coverage at these sites early.

Location	Plants	Bores they bring
Jaipur and Alwar, Rajasthan	JCB at Jaipur (mini excavators, backhoe loaders, telehandlers); Ashok Leyland axles and TAFE's Eicher engine plant at Alwar	Hydraulic cylinders, axle and engine bores
Zaheerabad, Telangana	Mahindra tractor plant, over 1 lakh tractors a year on two shifts	Tractor engine, gear and hydraulic bores
Mandideep, Madhya Pradesh	TAFE's Eicher tractor plant near Bhopal	Tractor engine and gear bores
Parwanoo, Himachal Pradesh	TAFE's Eicher gears and transmissions plant	Gear bores

JETRO's India head has said high land prices and rising labour costs are steering new Japanese investors from Haryana towards Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan.

References: About JCB India · Ashok Leyland manufacturing · TAFE manufacturing facilities · Mahindra Zaheerabad plant · JETRO India head on Haryana land prices

Matching the honing set-up to the regional demand pattern

Bore diameter and length narrow the machine list; the demand pattern decides which options pay back. Start from the pattern your region and part fall into.

Demand patterns and the set-ups that match them

Demand pattern	Main regions	Set-up that usually matches	Verify before ordering
High-volume vehicle lines	Delhi NCR, Chennai–Hosur, Pune, Ahmedabad	Vertical single- or multi-spindle machines with automatic loading and gauging that corrects size as stones wear	Cycle time on the actual part, gauging method, size stability over a full shift
Diesel engines and fuel injection	Pune–Nashik, Chennai–Hosur, Kolhapur, Bengaluru	Rough and plateau honing for cylinder bores; small-bore machines with fine stone feed for injector and pump bores	How surface parameters are specified and measured; tool life on the smallest bore
MSME engine-part, pump and compressor clusters	Rajkot, Kolhapur, Coimbatore	Manual or semi-automatic machines with a wide diameter range and quick fixture changes	Changeover time, cost per bore, operator training
Tractors, hydraulics and earthmoving	Faridabad–Ballabgarh, Punjab, Chennai, Pune, Jaipur	Horizontal long-stroke machines for cylinder tubes; vertical machines for gear and engine bores	Maximum bore length and part weight; whether the tube needs honing at all
Aerospace and defence	Bengaluru	CNC machines for small lots and difficult materials, with recorded process parameters	Material list, surface-integrity limits, record format your customer needs

For high-volume hydraulic cylinder tubes, skiving and roller burnishing is the preferred process and runs roughly 70–80% faster than honing, according to Fluid Power World. Honing remains the process for correcting out-of-round, taper and waviness, and for low-volume or repair work.

References: Fluid Power World: honing vs roller burnishing · Sunnen: diesel engine honing · Sunnen: aviation honing applications

Service coverage: what to confirm for your plant's location

Your plant's location decides how quickly an engineer, a spare part or a new set of honing stones can arrive. Compare that arrangement for your exact plant address as closely as the machine specification.

Where is the nearest engineer who can repair the machine, and what is the target response time to your plant?
Which honing stones, tools and spare parts are stocked in India, and in which city?
Can test honing run in India, or do sample parts travel to the builder's factory abroad?
Will installation and operator training take place at your plant?
If the line moves to a new site in another district or state, can the supplier relocate and recommission the machine?

What to send with a test-honing request

Suppliers need the part and its target result before they can propose a set-up. Two details matter more when suppliers and plants sit in different states: the plant address and whose specification applies.

Part drawing, bore geometry, material and hardness
Incoming bore size and stock allowance from the previous operation
Final size, form and surface requirements, with the measurement method
Monthly volume, target cycle time and shift pattern
Plant address and any planned move to a new site
Whose specification applies: vehicle maker, export customer or replacement market

Frequently asked questions

Where in India is honing demand concentrated?

Around vehicle and engine clusters: Delhi NCR and Haryana, Chennai–Hosur, Pune–Nashik and Gujarat's Rajkot–Ahmedabad belt, with Bengaluru for aerospace work. In 2023-24, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Haryana alone produced about 68% of India's auto-parts value added.

Does electric vehicle growth reduce honing demand in India?

Electric models remove engine cylinder and connecting-rod bores, but gears, brake hydraulics and other close-fit bores remain. Tamil Nadu makes nearly 60% of India's electric two-wheelers, so Chennai–Hosur is the first region to watch for the shift.

Should I buy a honing machine or use job work?

Job work covers uncertain volumes, trial parts and occasional long bores. Price an in-house machine once honing becomes a steady step in a customer's line and waiting for outside work would hold up deliveries.

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For
precision component suppliers

G Series
NISSIN ProSOL

Source: NISSIN ProSOL official website https://mktg.nissin-mfg.co.jp/product/gseries/

This honing machine synchronizes stroke and stone expansion in 0.01 μm increments, enabling precision honing of holes as small as 3 mm in diameter and 80 mm deep, even in hard materials.

Automatic electronic control and made-to-order jigs reproduce the techniques of veteran operators.

These honing machines eliminate deviations in the manufacturing of precision components such as control valves while also reducing personnel costs.

Bore Diameter	⌀3～⌀100
Workpiece Length	130mm
Spindle Stroke Length	Max. 300mm

Main Applications

Gears / Connecting rods / Hydraulic valves, etc.

See product specifications on the company website

For
large components and heavy industry

VL Series
Nagel

Source: Nagel official website https://nagel.com/en/products/honing/honing-machines/tube/

Machine height can be reduced through pit installation, reducing the footprint and using less volumetric space. It also makes it easy to mount and unmounts heavy objects such as engine blocks, reducing the operation workload.

They can even cut the large machining allowances unique to heavy industry in short amounts of time.

Bore Diameter	～⌀350
Workpiece Length	3,800mm
Spindle Stroke Length	Not specified on official website

Main Applications

Long pipes and tubes / Piston rods / Heavy workpieces / Exterior diameter processing, etc.

See product specifications on the company website

For
parts repairs and processing-on-consignment

SV Series
Sunnen

Source: Sunnen official website https://sunnen.com/products/sv-15-vertical-honing-machine

A graph showing the status of the hole being honed is displayed on-screen, in real time. This makes it easy to visually understand where the workpiece is and how it is warped, accelerating repair decisions.

These systems can store up to 100 processing settings at any time. They can also be backed up via USB, so even for small-lot, high-mix jobs, you can instantly reproduce the same processing as in previous jobs. They also shorten set-up times.

Bore Diameter	～⌀203
Workpiece Length	279mm
Spindle Stroke Length	～225mm

Main Applications

Engine blocks, etc.

See product specifications on the company website